Monkey-X - Rotating Astroids Image Array Class - code example

Here a example where I create a image in a class and draw lines in it to form the shape of a asteroid. It then rotates the midhandled image. Uses bresenham's linealgorithm to draw in a array.

Import mojo

Global numasteroids:Int=10
Global awidth:Int=64
Global aheight:Int=64

Class asteroid
    Field im:Image
    Field pixels:Int[awidth*aheight]
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Field angle:Float=0
    Field rotspeed:Float=Rnd(-3.3,3.3)
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        im = CreateImage(awidth,aheight,1,Image.MidHandle)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
        Local myan:Int=0
        Local x1:Int,y1:Int
        Local x2:Int,y2:Int        
        Local sx:Int,sy:Int
        x1 = awidth/2+((Cos(myan)*Rnd(16,32)))
        y1 = aheight/2+((Sin(myan)*Rnd(16,32)))        
        sx=x1
        sy=y1
        For Local i=0 Until 10
            myan+=350/10
            x2 = awidth/2+((Cos(myan)*Rnd(16,32)))
            y2 = aheight/2+((Sin(myan)*Rnd(16,32)))
            bline(x1,y1,x2,y2)
            x1 = x2
            y1 = y2
        Next
        bline x1,y1,sx,sy
        im.WritePixels(pixels, 0, 0, awidth, aheight, 0)
    End Method
    Method update()
        angle+=rotspeed
        If angle > 359 Then angle = 0
        If angle < 0 Then angle = 359
    End Method
    Method draw()
        DrawImage im,x,y,angle,1.0,1.0,0
    End Method
    Method bline:Void(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Local dx:Int, dy:Int, sx:Int, sy:Int, e:Int
        dx = Abs(x2 - x1)
          sx = -1
          If x1 < x2 Then sx = 1      
          dy = Abs(y2 - y1)
          sy = -1
          If y1 < y2 Then sy = 1
          If dx < dy Then 
              e = dx / 2 
          Else 
              e = dy / 2          
          End If
          Local exitloop:Bool=False
          While exitloop = False
            Local pc:Int = y1*awidth+x1
            If pc>=0 And pc <awidth*aheight
                pixels[pc] = argb(255,255,255,255)
            End If
            If x1 = x2 
                If y1 = y2
                    exitloop = True
                End If
            End If
            If dx > dy Then
                x1 += sx ; e -= dy 
                  If e < 0 Then e += dx ; y1 += sy
            Else
                y1 += sy ; e -= dx 
                If e < 0 Then e += dy ; x1 += sx
            Endif
          Wend
    End Method
    Function argb:Int(r:Int, g:Int, b:Int ,alpha:Int=255)
        Return (alpha Shl 24) | (r Shl 16) | (g Shl 8) | b          
    End Function        
End Class

Global myasteroids:List<asteroid> = New List<asteroid>

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        Local date := GetDate()
        Seed = date[5]        
        For Local y=64 Until DeviceHeight Step 128
        For Local x=64 Until DeviceWidth Step 128
        myasteroids.AddLast(New asteroid(x,y))
        Next
        Next
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        For Local i:=Eachin myasteroids
            i.update
        Next
    End Method    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        For Local i:=Eachin myasteroids
            i.draw
        Next
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X Class Image Asteroids example.",10,10
    End Method
    
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - Bresenham's Line Algorithm - (function) - code example

Useful thing this bresenham line function.

Import mojo

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        Local date := GetDate()
        Seed = date[5]        
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
    End Method    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X Bresenham's line algorithm - function.",10,10
        For Local i=0 Until 32
            bline Rnd(0,640),Rnd(0,480),Rnd(0,640),Rnd(0,480)
        Next
    End Method
    
End Class

Function bline:Void(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
      Local dx:Int, dy:Int, sx:Int, sy:Int, e:Int
      dx = Abs(x2 - x1)
      sx = -1
      If x1 < x2 Then sx = 1      
      dy = Abs(y2 - y1)
      sy = -1
      If y1 < y2 Then sy = 1
      If dx < dy Then 
          e = dx / 2 
      Else 
          e = dy / 2          
      End If
      Local exitloop:Bool=False
      While exitloop = False
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawPoint x1,y1
        If x1 = x2 
            If y1 = y2
                exitloop = True
            End If
        End If
        If dx > dy Then
            x1 += sx ; e -= dy 
              If e < 0 Then e += dx ; y1 += sy
        Else
            y1 += sy ; e -= dx 
            If e < 0 Then e += dy ; x1 += sx
        Endif
      Wend
End Function

Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - TextWidth/DrawText/DeviceWidth - code example

Sometimes you need the width of the text that you have on the screen. See below how this can be done.

Import mojo

Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0           
        
        Local s:String="This is a string."
        Local tw:Int=TextWidth(s)
        
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText s,DeviceWidth()/2,100,0.5,0.5
        DrawText "Width of text is :"+tw,DeviceWidth()/2,125,0.5,0.5
        
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X - TextWidth Example.",10,10
    End Method
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Simple Pattern Movement - code example

Here something I read in a ai book. There are movement instructions in a array that the unit uses to move around. Patrol in a square like pattern here. You can also put coordinates in a array and move them like that.

Import mojo

' x : -1 = left , 1 = right
' y : -1 = up , 1 = down
Global path1x:Int[] = [1,1,0,0,-1,-1,0,0]
Global path1y:Int[] = [0,0,1,1,0,0,-1,-1]
Global tilewidth:Int=32
Global tileheight:Int=32

Class ai
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Field cpathpos:Int=0
    Field delay
    Field delay2:Int
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int,delay:Int)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
        Self.delay2 = delay
        Self.delay = 0
    End Method
    Method update()
        delay-=1
        If delay>0 Then Return
        delay = delay2
        Select path1x[cpathpos]
            Case 1;x+=1
            Case -1;x-=1
        End Select
        Select path1y[cpathpos]
            Case 1;y+=1
            Case -1;y-=1
        End Select
        cpathpos+=1
        If cpathpos >= path1x.Length Then
            cpathpos=0
        End If
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,0,0
        DrawOval     x*tilewidth,y*tileheight,
                    tilewidth,tileheight
    End Method
End Class

Global myai:List<ai> = New List<ai>

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        Local cnt:Int=10
        For Local y=0 Until 5
        For Local x=0 Until 5
            cnt+=1
            myai.AddLast(New ai(x*5,y*5,cnt))
        Next
        Next
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
        For Local i:= Eachin myai
            i.update
        Next
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0        
        For Local i:=Eachin myai
            i.draw
        Next
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X Pattern Movement example.",10,10
    End Method
    
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - GetDate Seconds to Rnd Seed - code example

To not get the same random behaviour each time you start the game you can set the seed to use the GetDate current second.

Import mojo

Global color:Int[] = New Int[3]

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        ' here 
        Local date := GetDate()
        ' set the random seed to
        ' current second
        Seed = date[5]
        color[0] = Rnd(255)
        color[1] = Rnd(255)
        color[2] = Rnd(255)                
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X different random seed each time.",10,10
        For Local i=0 Until 3
            SetColor color[i],0,0
            DrawRect i*DeviceWidth()/3,0,DeviceWidth()/3,DeviceHeight()
        Next
    End Method
    
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - Simple Group Movement - code example

Here a example of how to move units that are grouped.

Import mojo

Class ai
    ' unit locations
    Field x:Float,y:Float
    ' destination coords
    Field dx:Int,dy:Int
    ' movement speed
    Field ms:Float
    ' angle of x/y and dx/dy
    Field angle:Int
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
        Self.ms = Rnd(0.5,1.5)
        Self.dx = DeviceWidth()/2
        Self.dy = DeviceHeight()/2
    End Method
    Method update()
        angle = getangle(dx,dy,x,y)
        If distance(x,y,dx,dy) > 5
            Local nx:Float = x+Cos(angle)*(ms*4)
            Local ny:Float = y+Sin(angle)*(ms*4)
            Local nxt:Bool=False
            For Local i:=Eachin myai
                If i.x <> x
                If i.y <> y
                If rectsoverlap(nx,ny,16,16,i.x,i.y,16,16) = True
                    nxt = True
                End If
                End If
                End If
            Next
            If nxt = False
                x += Cos(angle)*ms
                y += Sin(angle)*ms
            End If
        End If
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,0,0
        DrawOval x,y,16,16
    End Method
    Method rectsoverlap:Bool(    x1:Int, y1:Int, w1:Int, 
                                h1:Int, x2:Int, y2:Int, 
                                w2:Int, h2:Int)
        If x1 >= (x2 + w2) Or (x1 + w1) <= x2 Then Return False
        If y1 >= (y2 + h2) Or (y1 + h1) <= y2 Then Return False
        Return True
    End Method    
    Method getangle:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return ATan2(y1-y2, x1-x2)
    End Method    
    Function distance:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return Abs(x2-x1)+Abs(y2-y1)
    End Function    
End Class


Global numai:Int=10
Global myai:List<ai> = New List<ai>
' waittime before random new destination
Global dxchangecountdown:Int=500
' hold the destination of the units
Global mydx:Int,mydy:Int

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        For Local i=0 To numai
            Local exitloop:Bool=False
            Local nx:Int,ny:Int
            While exitloop = False
                exitloop = True
                nx=Rnd(640)
                ny=Rnd(480)            
                For Local ii:=Eachin myai
                    If distance(nx,ny,ii.x,ii.y) < 32
                        exitloop = False
                    End If
                Next
            Wend
            myai.AddLast(New ai(nx,ny))
        Next
        Local date := GetDate()
        Seed = date[6]
        
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
        dxchangecountdown-=1
        If dxchangecountdown < 0
            dxchangecountdown = 500
            mydx = Rnd(32,DeviceWidth()-64)
            mydy = Rnd(32,DeviceHeight()-64)
            For Local i:=Eachin myai
                i.dx = mydx
                i.dy = mydy
            Next
        End If
        For Local i:=Eachin myai
            i.update
        Next
        If MouseHit(MOUSE_LEFT)
            dxchangecountdown = 500
            For Local i:=Eachin myai
                i.dx = MouseX()
                i.dy = MouseY()
            Next
        End If
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        For Local i:=Eachin myai
            i.draw
            mydx = i.dx
            mydy = i.dy
        Next
        SetColor 255,255,0
        DrawLine mydx,mydy,mydx-5,mydy
        DrawLine mydx,mydy,mydx+5,mydy
        DrawLine mydx,mydy,mydx,mydy-5        
        DrawLine mydx,mydy,mydx,mydy+5
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X group movement ai.",10,10
        DrawText "Press the left mouse to change dx,dy",10,25
    End Method
    
End Class

    Function distance:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return Abs(x2-x1)+Abs(y2-y1)
    End Function    


Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - BreadCrumb artificial Intelligence - code example

This I learned about a long time ago. Basically you leave a trail and if the ai finds the trail then he starts to follow that trail.

Import mojo

Global tilewidth:Int=16
Global tileheight:Int=16
Global aiwidth:Int=16
Global aiheight:Int=16

Class ai
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Field readcountdown:Int
    Field state:String
    Field bcx:Int,bcy:Int
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
        readcountdown=Rnd(0,60)
        state="search"
    End Method
    Method update()
        If state="search" And 
            distance(x,y,myplayer.x,myplayer.y) > 16
            '
            readcountdown-=1
            If readcountdown<0
                readcountdown=60
                For Local i:=Eachin myplayercrumb
                    If distance(i.x,i.y,x,y) < 32
                        DebugLog "Found crumbs"
                        state="following"
                        bcx = i.x
                        bcy = i.y
                        Exit
                    End If                    
                Next
            End If
        End If
        If state="following"
            If x < bcx Then x+=1
            If x > bcx Then x-=1
            If y < bcy Then y+=1
            If y > bcy Then y-=1
            If x = bcx And y = bcy
                setnextbread()
                If distance(x,y,bcx,bcy) > 32
                    DebugLog "Out of range.."
                    state="search"                     
                End If
                If distance(x,y,myplayer.x,myplayer.y) < 16
                    DebugLog "engaging player.."
                    state="search"                                         
                End If
            End If
        End If
    End Method
    Method setnextbread()
        Local prx:Int
        Local pry:Int
        For Local i:=Eachin myplayercrumb
            If i.x = x And i.y = y
                bcx = prx
                bcy = pry
                Return
            End If
            prx = i.x
            pry = i.y
        Next
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,0,0
        DrawOval x,y,aiwidth,aiheight
    End Method
    Function distance:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return Abs(x2-x1)+Abs(y2-y1)
    End Function    
End Class

Class player
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Field playerwidth:Int=16
    Field playerheight:Int=16
    Field playerspeed:Int=4
    Field otx:Int,oty:Int
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        otx = x
        oty = y
        Self.x = x*tilewidth
        Self.y = y*tileheight        
    End Method
    Method update()
        For Local i=0 Until playerspeed
            Local newx:Int=x
            Local newy:Int=y
            If KeyDown(KEY_RIGHT)
                newx+=1
            End If
            If KeyDown(KEY_LEFT)
                newx-=1
            End If
            If KeyDown(KEY_UP)
                newy-=1
            End If
            If KeyDown(KEY_DOWN)
                newy+=1
            End If
            If newx>0 And 
                newx<DeviceWidth()-playerwidth
            If newy>0 And 
                newy<DeviceHeight()-playerheight
                x = newx
                y = newy
            End If
            End If
            If x = otx And y=oty
            Else
                myplayercrumb.AddFirst(New crumb(x,y))
                If myplayercrumb.Count() > 196 Then
                    myplayercrumb.RemoveLast()
                End If
                otx = x
                oty = y
            End If
            
        Next
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 0,0,255
        DrawOval x,y,playerwidth,playerheight
    End Method
End Class

Class crumb
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
    End Method
End Class

Global myplayercrumb:List<crumb> = New List<crumb>
Global myplayer:player = New player(10,10)
Global myai:List<ai> = New List<ai>

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        myai.AddLast(New ai(100,100))
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
        myplayer.update
        For Local i:=Eachin myai
            i.update
        Next
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        drawplayerbreadcrumbs()
        For Local i:=Eachin myai
            i.draw
        Next
        myplayer.draw
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X Bread crumb ai.",10,10
        DrawText "Use cursors to move (blue) and leave trail..",10,25
    End Method
    
End Class

Function drawplayerbreadcrumbs:Void()
    SetColor 100,100,100
    For Local i:=Eachin myplayercrumb
        DrawPoint     i.x+tilewidth/2,i.y+tileheight/2
    Next
End Function

Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - 2d topdown Targeting aiming ahead - code example

Here a example where turrets try to aim towards the path of the player so the bullet wil have more chance of hitting the player. There are 2 bullet speeds for the turrets. Control the player with the cursor keys.

Import mojo

Class bullet
    Field x:Float,y:Float
    Field angle:Int
    Field speed:Float
    Field delete:Bool=False
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int,angle:Int,speed:Float)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
        Self.angle = angle
        Self.speed = speed
    End Method
    Method update()
        x+=Cos(angle)*speed
        y+=Sin(angle)*speed
        If x<0 Then delete = True
        If x>DeviceWidth() Then delete = True
        If y<0 Then delete = True
        If y>DeviceHeight() Then delete = True
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,255,0
        DrawOval x,y,8,8
    End Method
End Class

Class turret
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    Field firecountdown:Int=30
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        Self.x = x
        Self.y = y
    End Method
    Method update()
        firecountdown-=1
        If firecountdown<0 Then 
            firecountdown = 30
            Local firedist:Int=4
            If distance(myplayer.x,
                        myplayer.y,x,y) > 256 Then firedist=10
            mybullet.AddLast(New bullet(x,y,
                                        getangle(myplayer.tx,
                                        myplayer.ty,x+Rnd(-16,16),
                                        y+Rnd(-16,16)),
                                        firedist))
        End If
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,0,0
        DrawOval x,y,32,32
    End Method
    Method getangle:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return ATan2(y1-y2, x1-x2)
    End Method        
    Function distance:Int(x1:Int,y1:Int,x2:Int,y2:Int)
        Return Abs(x2-x1)+Abs(y2-y1)
    End Function
End Class

Class player
    Field x:Float=100,y:Float=100
    Field w:Float=32,h:Float=32
    Field angle:Int
    Field speed:Float=0
    Field tx:Int,ty:Int
    Method New()
    End Method
    Method update()
        If speed>0.0 Then speed-=0.05
        If KeyDown(KEY_RIGHT)
            angle+=2
        End If
        If KeyDown(KEY_LEFT)
            angle-=2
        End If
        If angle<0 Then angle=360
        If angle>360 Then angle=0
        If KeyDown(KEY_UP)
            If speed < 2 Then speed+=.1
        End If
        x+=Cos(angle)*speed
        y+=Sin(angle)*speed
        ' get the target coords for the turrets
        tx=x+(Cos(angle)*speed*32)        
        ty=y+(Sin(angle)*speed*32)
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 100,100,0
        For Local i=0 Until speed*20
            Local y2=Int(Sin(angle)*i)
            Local x2=Int(Cos(angle)*i)
            DrawOval x+x2,y+y2,32,32
        Next
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawOval x,y,w,h
        Local y2:Int=(Sin(angle)*48)
        Local x2:Int=(Cos(angle)*48)
        DrawLine x+16,y+16,x+16+x2,y+16+y2
    End Method
End Class

Global myturret:List<turret> = New List<turret>
Global mybullet:List<bullet> = New List<bullet>
Global myplayer:player = New player

Class MyApp Extends App
    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        myturret.AddLast(New turret(200,200))
        myturret.AddLast(New turret(400,400))        
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
        For Local i:=Eachin myturret
            i.update
        Next
        For Local i:=Eachin mybullet
            i.update
        Next
        myplayer.update
        For Local i:=Eachin mybullet
            If i.delete = True Then mybullet.Remove i
        Next
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        For Local i:=Eachin mybullet
            i.draw
        Next
        For Local i:=Eachin myturret
            i.draw
        Next
        myplayer.draw
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X Targeting example.",10,10
        DrawText "Cursor left and Right = turn , cursor up = move",10,30
    End Method
    
End Class

Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

Monkey-X - Copper Bars, Classes and Lists - code example

Here a example with Copper Bars (old demo effect) It uses classes and Lists.

Import mojo

Global numbars:Int=6

Class bar
    Field y:Float
    Field height:Int
    Field yspeed:Float
    Field direction:String
    Field incr:Float,incg:Float
    Field incb:Float
    Method New(ri:Float,gi:Float,bi:Float)
        height=Rnd(16,90)
        y = Rnd(height,DeviceHeight()-height)
        incr = 255/height
        incg = gi
        incb = bi
        If Rnd(10)<5 Then 
            direction="up"
        Else
            direction="down"
        End If
        yspeed = Rnd(1,4)
    End Method
    Method update()
        If direction = "down"
            y+=yspeed
        Else
            y-=yspeed
        End If
        If y<0 Then direction = "down"
        If y>DeviceHeight()-90 Then direction = "up"
    End Method
    Method draw()
        Local ypos:Int=y
        Local r:Float,g:Float,b:Float
        For Local n:Int=0 To 1
          For Local i=0 Until height/2
              SetColor r,g,b
              DrawLine 0,ypos+i,DeviceWidth(),ypos+i
              r+=incr
              g+=incg
              b+=incb
          Next
          For Local i=0 Until height/2
              SetColor r,g,b
              DrawLine     0,ypos+i+height/2,
                          DeviceWidth(),ypos+i+height/2
              r-=incr
              g-=incg
              b-=incb
          Next
          Next
        
    End Method
End Class

Global mybar:List<bar> = New List<bar>

Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        For Local i=0 Until numbars
            mybar.AddLast(New bar(Rnd(155,255)/45,Rnd(0.5,2),Rnd(0.2,2)))
           Next
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        For Local i:=Eachin mybar
            i.update
        Next
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
          Cls 0,0,0           
        For Local i:=Eachin mybar
            i.draw
        Next
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X - Copper Bars and Classes/Lists Example.",10,10
    End Method
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Moving Copper bars (rainbow effect) (demo) - code Example

Here a small example of how to get a nice background effect on the screen. Here lines are drawn downwards and every step the color is slightly increased or decreased creating a rainbow like effect.

Import mojo

Global bar1y:Float=0
Global bar1d:String="down"
Global bar2y:Float=100
Global bar2d:String="down"

Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        If bar1d="down"
            bar1y+=2.5
        Else
            bar1y-=2.5
        End If
        If bar2d="down"
            bar2y+=4
        Else
            bar2y-=4
        End If
        If bar1y<0 Then bar1d="down"
        If bar1y>DeviceHeight()-90 Then bar1d="up"
        If bar2y<0 Then bar2d="down"
        If bar2y>DeviceHeight()-90 Then bar2d="up"        
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
          Cls 0,0,0 
        Local ypos:Int=bar1y
        For Local n:Int=0 To 1
        If n=1 Then ypos=bar2y
          Local r:Float=0
          Local g:Float=0
          Local b:Float=0
          For Local i=0 Until 45
              SetColor r,g,b
              DrawLine 0,ypos+i,DeviceWidth(),ypos+i
              r+=2.5
              g+=0.5
              b+=0.2
              If n=1 Then g+=2
          Next
          For Local i=0 Until 45
              SetColor r,g,b
              DrawLine 0,ypos+i+45,DeviceWidth(),ypos+i+45
              r-=2.5
              g-=0.5
              b-=0.2
              If n=1 Then g-=2
          Next
          Next
          
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X - Copperbar) Example.",10,10
    End Method
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Beginners - KeyDown(Const) - example

KeyDown is different then KeyHit. It will stay true for as long as the key is held down.

Import mojo

Global lastpressed:Int=10

Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        lastpressed+=1
        If KeyDown(KEY_SPACE)
            lastpressed = 0
        End If     
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
        If lastpressed < 10 Then
            Cls 200,200,200
        Else
            Cls 0,0,0 
        End If        
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X - KeyDown(key) Example.",10,10
        DrawText "Press the space bar....",10,30
        DrawText "Space last held down "+lastpressed/60+" second(s) ago",100,100
        DrawText "KeyDown(KEY_SPACE)",100,130
    End Method
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Beginners - KeyHit(const) - example

KeyHit is different then KeyDown. Look at this example to understand it.

Import mojo

Global lastpressed:Int=10

Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        lastpressed+=1
        If KeyHit(KEY_SPACE)
            lastpressed = 0
        End If     
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
        If lastpressed < 10 Then
            Cls 200,200,200
        Else
            Cls 0,0,0 
        End If        
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Monkey-X - KeyHit(key) Example.",10,10
        DrawText "Press the space bar....",10,30
        DrawText "Space last pressed "+lastpressed/60+" second(s) ago",100,100
        DrawText "KeyHit(KEY_SPACE)",100,130
    End Method
End Class


Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Beginners - Center text on screen (DrawText/DeviceWidth/DeviceHeight) - example

The screen of your game/application is like a piece of paper where the more right you go the more the x value gets. Same with the y value and the height of the screen. DeviceWidth has the total width. To draw something in the middle you can / (devide) by 2 and then draw the text using the .5, .5 settings (.5 = 1/2(center))

Import mojo

Class MyGame Extends App
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0 
        SetColor 255,255,255        
        DrawText "Monkey-X Beginner Example",10,10
        DrawText "Center text on the screen.",10,30
        DrawText "Center of Screen.",DeviceWidth()/2,DeviceHeight()/2,.5,.5
    End Method
End Class

Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

Monkey-X - Beginners - DeviceWidth and DeviceHeight - Example

DeviceWidth() and DeviceHeight hold the width and the height of your screen.

Import mojo

Class MyGame Extends App
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0 
        SetColor 255,255,255        
        DrawText "Monkey-X Beginner Example",10,10
        DrawText "DeviceWidth and DeviceHeight...",10,20
        DrawText "DeviceWidth() = "+DeviceWidth(),100,100
        DrawText "DeviceHeight() = "+DeviceHeight(),100,200        
    End Method
End Class

Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End Function

MonkeyX - Line Collision/Overlap/Intersection - code example

Here a function that you can use to see if lines collide. I ported the code from the old blitzcoder site. Link in the code.

collide x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4

' Ported from 
' http://iadbungler.free.fr/bcoder/cgi-bin/code/Wc5f42637ead45.htm
' By ashcroftman
Import mojo

Global x1:Int=320-25
Global y1:Int=240-25
Global x2:Int=320+25
Global y2:Int=240+25
Global x3:Int,y3:Int
Global x4:Int,y4:Int


Class MyGame Extends App

    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End Method
    Method OnUpdate()
        x3 = MouseX()
        y3 = MouseY()
        x4=x3+25
        y4=y3-25
    End Method
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0 
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawLine x1,y1,x2,y2
        DrawLine x3,y3,x4,y4
        Local col:String="No Collision"
        If lineintersect(x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3,x4,y4)
            col = "Collision"
        End If
        DrawText "Line Collision example. Move the mouse on the line.",10,0
        DrawText col,10,30
    End Method
End Class

Function lineintersect:Bool(    x1:Float,y1:Float,x2:Float,y2:Float,
                            u1:Float,v1:Float,u2:Float,v2:Float)
     Local b1:Float = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
     Local b2:Float = (v2 - v1) / (u2 - u1)
     Local a1:Float = y1 - b1 *x1
     Local a2:Float = v1 - b2 *u1
     Local xi:Float = - (a1-a2)/(b1-b2)
     Local yi:Float = a1+b1*xi
     If     (x1 - xi)*(xi-x2)> -1 And (u1-xi)*(xi - u2)> 0 And 
            (y1-yi)*(yi-y2)>-1 And (v1-yi)*(yi-v2)>-1 Return True
End Function

Function Main()
    New MyGame
End Function

        

MonkeyX - Shooter with big destructable enemy - code example

I remember a game in the arcades that had this big spaceship that you could shoot and it would be destroyed block by block. I remade that here. The player automatically moves and shoots.

Import mojo

' this is the laser class
Class laser
    Field x:Float,y:Float
    Field lw:Int=4
    Field lh:Int=6
    Field laserspeed:Int=4
    Field delete:Bool=False
    Method New(x:Int,y:Int)
        Self.x=x
        Self.y=y
    End Method
    Method update()
        For Local i=0 Until laserspeed
            y-=1
        Next
        If y<-10 Then delete = True
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 0,0,255
        DrawRect x,y,lw,lh
    End Method
End Class

Class player
    Field x:Int
    Field y:Int
    ' player height and width
    Field ph:Int=16
    Field pw:Int=16
    Field playerspeed:Int=4
    Field targetx:Int
    Field laserdelay:Int=0
    Method New()
        Self.x = (DeviceWidth()/2)-(ph/2)
        Self.y = DeviceHeight()-ph
    End Method
    Method update()
        ' move the player around
        For Local i=0 Until playerspeed
            If x < targetx Then x+=1
            If x > targetx Then x-=1
            If x = targetx Then findtarget
        Next
        ' fire a laser every now and then
        laserdelay+=1
        If laserdelay>10 Then
            laserdelay = 0
            mylaser.AddLast(New laser(x,y))
        End If
    End Method
    ' find new position to move to
    Method findtarget()
        targetx = Rnd(0,DeviceWidth()-pw)
    End Method
    Method draw()
        SetColor 255,255,0
        DrawRect x,y,pw,ph
    End Method
End Class

Class enemy
    ' location where the sprite it at
    Field x:Int,y:Int
    ' Tile width and height
    Field tw:Int=16
    Field th:Int=16
    ' enemy movement
    Field edir:String="right"
    ' the sprite
    Field map:Int[][] = [    [0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                            [1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,1,1,1],
                            [1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1],
                            [0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                            [0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0],
                            [1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
                            [1,1,1,1,0,0,1,2,2,2,2,1,0,0,1,1,1],                            
                            [0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
                            [0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0]]
    Field allgone:Bool=False
    Method New()
        ' Position the sprite
        Self.x = DeviceWidth()/2-((map[0].Length*tw)/2)
        Self.y = th*3
    End Method
    Method update()
        ' move the enemy
        If edir="right" Then
            x+=1
            Else
            x-=1
        End If
        If x+(map[0].Length*tw) > DeviceWidth() Or
            x<0 Then
            If edir = "left" Then
                edir="right"
                Else
                edir="left"
            End If
        End If
        ' collision between the lasers and the enemy
        For Local i:=Eachin mylaser
        For Local y1=0 Until map.Length
        For Local x1=0 Until map[0].Length
            If map[y1][x1] > 0
                Local x2:Int=(x1*tw)+x
                Local y2:Int=(y1*th)+y
                If rectsoverlap(i.x,i.y,i.lw,i.lh,x2,y2,tw,th)
                    map[y1][x1]=0
                    i.delete = True
                End If
            End If
        Next
        Next            
        Next
        ' if the enemy is completely gone then
        ' put this in the allgone variable
        allgone=True
        For Local y1=0 Until map.Length
        For Local x1=0 Until map[0].Length
            If map[y1][x1] > 0
                allgone = False
            End If
        Next
        Next
    End Method
    Method draw()
        For Local y1=0 Until map.Length
        For Local x1=0 Until map[0].Length
            If map[y1][x1] = 1
                SetColor 255,0,0
                DrawRect x+(x1*tw),y+(y1*th),tw,th
            End If
            If map[y1][x1] = 2
                SetColor 255,100,0
                DrawRect x+(x1*tw),y+(y1*th),tw,th
            End If
        Next
        Next
    End Method
    Method rectsoverlap:Bool(    x1:Int, y1:Int, w1:Int, 
                                h1:Int, x2:Int, y2:Int, 
                                w2:Int, h2:Int)
        If x1 >= (x2 + w2) Or (x1 + w1) <= x2 Then Return False
        If y1 >= (y2 + h2) Or (y1 + h1) <= y2 Then Return False
        Return True
    End Method    
End Class

Global myenemy:enemy
Global myplayer:player
Global mylaser:List<laser>

Class MyApp Extends App

    
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
        ' set up the stuff for
        ' the first time.
        myenemy = New enemy()
        myplayer = New player()
        mylaser = New List<laser>
    End Method

    Method OnUpdate()
        ' if the big sprite is destroyed
        ' then make him new again
        If myenemy.allgone = True
            myenemy = New enemy()
        End If
        ' update the classes
        myplayer.update
        myenemy.update
        For Local i:=Eachin mylaser
            i.update
        Next
        ' if a laser is set to delete
        ' then delete it from the list
        For Local i:=Eachin mylaser
            If i.delete = True Then mylaser.Remove i
        Next
    End Method
    
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0
        myenemy.draw
        For Local i:=Eachin mylaser
            i.draw
        Next
        myplayer.draw
    End Method
    
End Class

Function Main()
    New MyApp
End Function

        
        
    
    
    

Monkey-X - Beginners - Using Rnd with a Bool Variable - code example

Sometimes you would want something unexpected to happen. You can do that with the Rnd Command. Press the space bar and see the text change on the screen. (The enemy might drop a item every now and then and how would we want to know this)

Import mojo

Global mysetting1:Bool=False

Class MyGame Extends App
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End
    Method OnUpdate()
        If KeyHit(KEY_SPACE)
            If Int(Rnd(0,3)) = 1 Then 
                mysetting1 = True
            Else
                mysetting1 = False
            End If
        End If
    End
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0 
        'set the color
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Press space bar to create random value.",10,10
        If mysetting1 = True
            DrawText "Last random value was 1",100,50            
        End If
        If mysetting1 = False
            DrawText "Last random value was other then 1",100,50
        End If
    End
End

Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End

Monkey-X - Beginners - Using/creating a Bool variable - code example

Here a short example of how to use a bool variable. Sometimes you need to remember something in your program and this shows how you can do something like that.

Import mojo

Global mysetting1:Bool = False

Class MyGame Extends App
    Method OnCreate()
        SetUpdateRate(60)
    End
    Method OnUpdate()
        If KeyHit(KEY_SPACE)
            If mysetting1 = False Then mysetting1=True Else mysetting1=False
        End If
    End
    Method OnRender()
        Cls 0,0,0 
        'set the color
        SetColor 255,255,255
        DrawText "Press space bar to change variable.",10,10
        If mysetting1 = True
            DrawText "Variable bool set to true",100,50            
        End If
        If mysetting1 = False
            DrawText "Variable bool set to false",100,50
        End If
    End
End

Function Main()
    New MyGame()
End